The fifth thing is to learn at the deepest level. They need to keep learning. It begins with critical reflection. They need to have materials that have depth in them. Don't underestimate your students. Young ones are bored because the stuff they are assessing is boring and superficial. There is that information you have in your head and where to get the information. You have to have deep knowledge . The framework to hang everything on.
Factors that detract from deep learning are heavy workloads and the exclusive use of lectures. http://www.uottawa.ca/academic/cut/options/Nov_98/TeachingStrategies_en.htm a good website for deep learning. When considered in terms of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives Deep learning requires high order cognitive thinking skills such as analysis - compare, contrast, synthesis. Students are required to integrate components into a new whole eg what is the relationship. Surface consists mainly of comprehension and reproducing knowledge rote leanring. Good teaching and interactive learning such as groups and peer learning can help to promote deep learning.